Fall Injuries Among the Elderly, Prevention Measures and Rehabilitation
August 21, 2024
Falls and the elderly
Falls and their related injuries are among the most serious medical problems experienced by older adults and the leading cause of death among individuals aged 65 and older, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Approximately 2.8 million older adults are treated in emergency departments due to fall-related incidents each year.*
Fall-related injuries
For those aged 65 to 69, hip fractures are a particular danger, and one in 10 seniors aged 85 and older experience a hip fracture after a fall, according to the CDC.
“As we age, our bones become frail, making the consequences of falling greater,” says Heather Raynack, OTR/L, director of rehabilitation services at Aiken Regional Medical Centers, where approximately 800 patients were seen for fall-related injuries last year. “Hip fractures and head injuries are the most common conditions from falling. In addition to advanced age, individuals also at risk include those who experience muscle weakness, joint stiffness, inner ear problems, vision deficits, sedentary lifestyles, take certain medications and have other medical conditions," Raynack adds.
Strategies to prevent falls
“Staying active is important for overall health,” says Raynack. “Someone who was very active before a fall is more likely to have a quicker recovery. But if an individual’s physical activity is just going to the mailbox each day, recovery may be more difficult. Hydration is also essential, as dehydration can impact blood pressure, cause lightheadedness and poses a risk of urinary tract infection, resulting in multiple trips to the bathroom, increasing the risk of falling.”
Exercise programs that help to improve strength, flexibility and balance can be particularly helpful. One such gentle practice is Tai Chi.** Also, with guidance from a healthcare provider, a combination of exercise routines, vision and hearing assessments, and a review of medications can make a difference, according to Raynack.
Safety tips for home
- Remove throw rugs and clutter.
- Install adequate lighting. Change light bulbs regularly.
- Install handrails in stairwells and grab bars in the tub, shower and by the toilet.
- Consider fall-alert devices for yourself or a loved one.
- Be cautious around your furry friends, who can tangle under your feet and cause you to lose your balance.
Sources:
*National Safety Council (https://injuryfacts.nsc.org/home-and-community/safety-topics/older-adult-falls/)